【sacrifice的固定用法】在英语学习中，"sacrifice" 是一个常见但使用方式较为固定的词。它既可以作名词，也可以作动词，但在实际应用中，其搭配和语境有明显的规律性。以下是对 "sacrifice" 固定用法的总结，便于理解和记忆。
一、基本含义
- 名词：牺牲、奉献、祭品
- 动词：牺牲、放弃、献出
二、常用固定搭配与用法总结
| 搭配形式 | 含义 | 例句 |
| make a sacrifice | 做出牺牲 | She made a sacrifice to support her family. |
| sacrifice one's life | 牺牲生命 | Many soldiers sacrificed their lives for the country. |
| sacrifice time/money/energy | 牺牲时间/金钱/精力 | He sacrificed a lot of time to finish the project. |
| sacrifice something for someone | 为某人做出牺牲 | She sacrificed her career for her children. |
| sacrifice something to something | 为了某个目的而牺牲 | They sacrificed comfort for success. |
| at the cost of sacrifice | 以牺牲为代价 | The plan was successful, but at the cost of sacrifice. |
| no sacrifice, no gain | 不劳无获 | No sacrifice, no gain — that’s the rule of life. |
三、使用注意事项
1. 动词用法：
- "Sacrifice" 作为动词时，通常后接宾语，表示“为……而牺牲”。
- 注意不要将 "sacrifice" 和 "give up" 混淆，前者更强调“主动付出”，后者则偏重“放弃”。
2. 名词用法：
- "Sacrifice" 作为名词时，常用于正式或文学语境中，如宗教、历史或道德话题。
- 在日常口语中，较少使用 “a sacrifice” 来描述一般的“牺牲行为”，更多会用 "give up" 或 "make a sacrifice"。
3. 搭配习惯：
- “sacrifice + 名词”是常见的结构，如：sacrifice time, sacrifice money 等。
- “sacrifice for” 和 “sacrifice to” 是两个常见的介词搭配，意义略有不同。
四、常见错误对比
| 正确表达 | 错误表达 | 原因说明 |
| He made a sacrifice for his dream. | He made a sacrifice of his dream. | “for” 表示目的，“of” 表示所属，此处应使用 “for”。 |
| She sacrificed her health for success. | She sacrificed her health to success. | “to” 应该是 “for” 或 “in order to”。 |
| The soldier gave up his life in sacrifice. | The soldier gave up his life as a sacrifice. | “as a sacrifice” 更自然，但 “in sacrifice” 也可接受。 |
五、小结
"sacrifice" 的固定用法主要体现在其常见的搭配和语境中。无论是作为名词还是动词，都具有一定的规范性和习惯性。掌握这些固定搭配不仅能提高语言准确性，还能让表达更加地道和自然。建议在写作和口语中多加练习，逐步形成语感。
